What is a notable side effect of IV administration of Vitamin K for warfarin reversal?

What is a notable side effect of IV administration of Vitamin K for warfarin reversal?

• A. Nausea and vomiting
• B. Dyspnea and chest tightness
• C. Headache
• D. Dizziness

Answer: (B)

IV administration of Vitamin K to reverse warfarin can trigger an infusion-related reaction. The most notable side effect is dyspnea with chest tightness, reflecting a potential anaphylactoid-like reaction to the IV preparation. This reaction can occur even in patients without prior allergies and may be accompanied by flushing, hypotension, or respiratory symptoms such as wheezing. Because of this risk, the infusion is typically given slowly and with careful monitoring, and the IV solution is diluted in an appropriate volume of normal saline rather than given as a rapid bolus. If symptoms develop, the infusion is stopped, the patient is assessed and treated supportively (airway, breathing, circulation), and alternative reversal routes or routes/doses are considered once stabilized. While nausea, headache, or dizziness can occur with various IV therapies, they are less characteristic of IV Vitamin K reversal and do not carry the same level of clinical concern as the potential airway and hemodynamic reactions.